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Prior authors have reported associations among increased risk of injury and factors of the female athlete triad, as defined before the 2007 American College of Sports Medicine position stand, in collegiate and adult club sport populations. Little is known about this relationship in an adolescent competitive sports population.

To examine the relationship among disordered eating, menstrual dysfunction, and low bone mineral density (BMD) and musculoskeletal injury among girls in high school sports.

Prospective cohort study.

The sample consisted of 163 female athletes competing in 8 interscholastic sports in southern California during the 2003–2004 school year. Each participant was followed throughout her respective sport season for occurrence of musculoskeletal injuries.