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The authors explore the role of affective attitudes in predicting 14 health-promoting or health-risk behaviors. Participants (n= 390) completed questionnaire measures of affective and cognitive attitude and, 1 month later, reported their intentions and behavior. The outcome measures in this study were the Time 2 self-report measures of intention and behavior. A series of hierarchical regression analyses revealed that affective attitude was a significantly more powerful predictor of behavior than cognitive attitude for 9 behaviors. Also, affective attitude had a direct effect on behavior that was not fully mediated by intention for 9 behaviors. In a final series of regressions, higher divergence between affective and cognitive attitudes was shown to strengthen the relationship between affective attitudes and behavior for illegal drug use, binge drinking, and smoking.