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Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders with varying histologic appearances characterized by a disruption of the pulmonary parenchyma. 295 Although the incidence is difficult to estimate with accuracy, Coultas and colleague^^^ completed an epidemiologic study in a New Mexico county suggesting an overall incidence of 31.5/100,000 in men and 26.1/100,000 in women. Importantly, pulmonary fibrosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) together accounted for 46.2% of all ILDs in men and 44.2% in women. Given their clinical importance, the authors review the role of physiologic testing in ILD with a focus on the clinical implication and application of such testing. A detailed mechanistic discussion of the pathophysiology of interstitial disorders is not presented. The reader is referred to an excellent, detailed discussion published recently. 243