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Background—Knowledge of the electrophysiological substrates and the cure of atrial fibrillation (AF) is still unsatisfactory. The goal of this study was to evaluate the electrophysiological features of idiopathic AF and their relationship to the results of radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation of AF and the safety and effectiveness of this procedure.

Methods and Results—Sixteen patients with idiopathic AF underwent atrial mapping during AF and then RF ablation in the right atrium. The atrial activation was simultaneously recorded in four regions in the right atrium: high lateral wall (HL), low lateral wall (LL), high septum (HS), and low septum (LS) and in the left atrium through the coronary sinus (CS). In these regions, we evaluated the atrial fibrillation intervals (FF) and the morphological features of AF recordings by Wells’ classification. No complications occurred during RF ablation. Of the 16 patients, 9 (56%) without AF …