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BackgroundPolymorphisms in the TNF-α promoter region have recently been shown to be associated with susceptibility to cervical cancer. Some polymorphisms have been reported to influence transcription for this cytokine. Altered local levels in the cervix may influence an individual’s immune response, thereby affecting persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 infection, a primary etiological factor for cervical cancer

Methods and ResultsThe association of 11 TNF-α single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with susceptibility to HPV16-associated cervical cancer was investigated. Sequencing of the TNF-α promoter region confirmed 10 SNPs, and 1 previously unreported SNP (161 bp upstream of the transcriptional start site) was discovered. Microsphere-array flow cytometry–based genotyping was performed on 787 samples from Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women (241 from …