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The effect of three antioxidant agents in the in vitro culture of guava (Psidium guajava L.) var. Enana Roja Cubana EEA 18-40, as well as the relation among the topophysical origin of explants in the tree, the content of phenolic compounds in vegetable tissues and the success of in vitro culture of guava are reported here. The lowest levels of phenolization were observed with the use of the PVPP (0.5%), which caused a lower excretion of phenolic compounds to the culture medium although it showed the highest values of contamination when it was compared with the L-cysteine and the citric acid+ ascorbic acid mixture, in which phenolization was extremely high although contamination levels were not frequent. On the other hand, it was demonstrated that the highest phenolic compound content was recorded in the apical buds from the tree crown, which reached 229.32 mg. g-1 fresh mass, and differed significantly from the rest of types of explants. The explants obtained from root sprouts (basal origin) showed the lowest phenolic compound contents and had the greatest efficiency at in vitro establishment. Therefore, these root sprouts were the most appropriate explants recommended to surpass the barrier of phenolization during the initial stages of in vitro guava culture.

RESUMEN: En este trabajo se estudia el efecto de tres agentes antioxidantes en el control de la fenolización para el cultivo in vitro de la guayaba (Psidium guajava L.) var. Enana Roja Cubana EEA 18-40, así como la relación que existe entre el origen de los explantes en el árbol, el contenido de compuestos fenólicos en las yemas y el éxito del establecimiento in vitro de la yema …