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Sandstone monuments/temples of the Angkor Empire in the Southeast Asia are important UNESCO World Cultural Heritage of the Khmer Civilization and recorded history for the people today. Majority of these monuments suffer severe deterioration from weathering caused by a combination of physical, chemical and biological forces, including natural and anthropogenic influences. Current knowledge on deterioration of sandstone is not only scattered, but also isolated and restricted by the specialized disciplines/fields of the investigators, resulting in a lack of comprehensive understanding or integrated information on the causes and mechanisms to the damage of these temples/monuments. It is clear that water is the most critical factor, if not the utmost important one over time, affecting the integrity of the sandstone constituents of the overall architecture and also the carvings of bas-relief at many of these temples …