作者
Katie M Williams, Geir Bertelsen, Phillippa Cumberland, Christian Wolfram, Virginie JM Verhoeven, Eleftherios Anastasopoulos, Gabriëlle HS Buitendijk, Audrey Cougnard-Grégoire, Catherine Creuzot-Garcher, Maja Gran Erke, Ruth Hogg, René Höhn, Pirro Hysi, Anthony P Khawaja, Jean-François Korobelnik, Janina Ried, Johannes R Vingerling, Alain Bron, Jean-François Dartigues, Astrid Fletcher, Albert Hofman, Robert WAM Kuijpers, Robert N Luben, Konrad Oxele, Fotis Topouzis, Therese Von Hanno, Alireza Mirshahi, Paul J Foster, Cornelia M Van Duijn, Norbert Pfeiffer, Cécile Delcourt, Caroline CW Klaver, Jugnoo Rahi, Christopher J Hammond, European Eye Epidemiology E3 Consortium
发表日期
2015/7/1
期刊
Ophthalmology
卷号
122
期号
7
页码范围
1489-1497
出版商
Elsevier
简介
Purpose
To investigate whether myopia is becoming more common across Europe and explore whether increasing education levels, an important environmental risk factor for myopia, might explain any temporal trend.
Design
Meta-analysis of population-based, cross-sectional studies from the European Eye Epidemiology (E3) Consortium.
Participants
The E3 Consortium is a collaborative network of epidemiological studies of common eye diseases in adults across Europe. Refractive data were available for 61 946 participants from 15 population-based studies performed between 1990 and 2013; participants had a range of median ages from 44 to 78 years.
Methods
Noncycloplegic refraction, year of birth, and highest educational level achieved were obtained for all participants. Myopia was defined as a mean spherical equivalent ≤−0.75 diopters. A random-effects meta-analysis of age-specific myopia prevalence …
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KM Williams, G Bertelsen, P Cumberland, C Wolfram… - Ophthalmology, 2015