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Green nanotechnology is one of the most emerging technologies. Nanoparticles (NPs) can possess a number of different properties depending on the internal and/or external structure. Most importantly is the proper surface functionalization, which determines their stability as well as interaction with the environment (eg to the delivery of nanoparticles to a specific biological target). Using plant extracts in this field just started with many scattered literature aiming at (inter alia) production of biocompatible NPs for medical applications and reducing the risk of toxic chemicals. Our group applied many South African plant extracts to synthesis biocompatible NPs. The main target is to understand the chemistry of NPs formation. First we showed that each plant extract has a specific concentration at which the NPs can be produced, this concentration called optimum concentration (OC) for NPs production. The synthesized NPs in our laboratories were tested for their stability and activity against many biological target eg cytotoxicity and antibacterial. doi: 10.1016/j. sajb. 2017.01. 067