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Increasing physical activity in the workplace can provide physical and mental health benefits for employees and economic benefits through reduced absenteeism and increased productivity for the employer. However, there is limited evidence on effective behaviour change interventions in workplace settings that lead to maintained physical activity. This study aimed to address this gap and contribute to the evidence base for effective, and cost-effective, workplace interventions. To determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the Physical Activity Loyalty (PAL) Scheme, a multi-component intervention based on concepts similar to those that underpin a high-street loyalty card, aimed at encouraging habitual physical activity behaviour and maintained increases in mean steps/day. A cluster-randomised controlled trial and embedded economic evaluation, behavioural economic experiments, mediation analyses and process evaluation. Office-based employees from public sector organisations in Belfast and Lisburn city centres, Northern Ireland. 853 participants (mean age 43.6 years (SD 9.6); 71% female) were randomly allocated by cluster to either the Intervention Group or (Waiting-List) Control Group. The six month intervention consisted of financial incentives (retail vouchers), feedback and other evidence-based behaviour change techniques. Sensors situated in the vicinity of the workplaces allowed participants to monitor their accumulated minutes of physical activity. The primary outcome was mean steps/day recorded using a sealed pedometer …