查看文章

Rationale: Understanding normal lung development and aging in health and disease, both in men and in women, is essential to interpreting any therapeutic intervention.

Objectives: We aimed to describe lung function changes in healthy never-smoking males and females, from adolescence to old age, and to determine the effects of smoking and those derived from quitting.

Methods: Prospective cohort study within all participants of the Framingham Offspring cohort who had two or more valid spirometry measurements during follow-up (n = 4,391; age range at baseline 13 to 71 yr), with a median follow-up time of 23 years.

Measurements and Main Results: To best fit the curves describing FEV₁ changes with age to raw data, we used a generalized additive model with smooth terms and incorporating the subject-specific (longitudinal) random effects. We found that: (1) healthy never-smoker females achieve full lung …