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Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has recently become a popular approach in measuring the energy and environmental performance at the macro-economy level. A common limitation of several previous studies is that they ignored the undesirable outputs and did not consider the separation of inputs into energy resources and non-energy resources under the DEA framework. Thus, within a joint production framework of considering both desirable and undesirable outputs, as well as energy and non-energy inputs, this study analyzes China’s regional total-factor energy and environmental efficiency. This paper utilizes improved DEA models to measure the energy and environmental efficiency of 29 administrative regions of China during the period of 2000–2008. In addition, the DEA window analysis technique is applied to measure the efficiency in cross-sectional and time-varying data. The empirical results show …