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Numerous proteins/enzymes are functional biomaterials having excellent electrocatalytic activity arising from its heme residues and spectrophotometric property due to its Trp, Tyr residues. These properties are of growing demand for the development of biosensor. Proteins are built up of different charged, uncharged residues with numerous type of charge distribution in and around the proteins, thus enormous possibility to form a biocompatible composite with a series of materials (nanomaterials of metal, semiconductor, carbon, polymeric materials etc.). In this review, the focus is directed to summarize the nanobiocomposite preparation based on proteins with different types of nanomaterials and their biosensor applications. More specifically, the review is dedicated on the biosensor based on protein nanocomposite using explicitly the electrochemical and spectrophotometric methodology. The heme proteins (such …