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Objectives:

To systematically assess the incidence and prevalence of pressure injuries in adult ICU patients and the most frequently occurring pressure injury sites.

Data Sources:

MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature.

Study Selection:

Observational studies reporting incidence rates, cumulative incidence, and prevalence of pressure injuries.

Data Extraction:

Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. Meta-analyses of pooled weighted estimates were calculated using random effect models with 95% CIs reported due to high heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses included studies that used skin inspection to identify a pressure injury, studies at low risk of bias, studies that excluded stage 1 and each stage of pressure injury.

Data Synthesis:

Twenty-two studies, 10 reporting cumulative incidence of pressure …