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Patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are often obese and frequently complain of tiredness. These features are also characteristically seen in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Therefore, it was the aim of this study to assess the prevalence of OSA among a group of obese NIDDM patients who have some clinical features of OSA. The effect of reversal of OSA by nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on insulin responsiveness was also investigated. From a population of 179 NIDDM patients with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 35 kg/m2, we performed ambulatory sleep monitoring on 31 (15 males and 16 females) who admitted to either heavy snoring or excessive sleepiness. Results were reviewed by a sleep physician blinded to the clinical status of the patients, and 22 (70%) were found to have moderate or severe OSA, with mean oxygen …