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Observational studies have implicated habitual sleep duration as a risk factor for mortality and morbidity. Part of this association might be mediated by obesity, which has also been associated with habitual sleep duration. These studies generate wide media attention because of the public's health concerns surrounding increasing obesity and the temporal association with the other modern “epidemic” of sleep loss. Some commentators have recommended public health interventions to control obesity via habitual sleep duration modification. We conducted a critical review of the available literature describing the relationship between habitual sleep duration and obesity in community-based studies in both adults and children, with particular emphasis on longitudinal studies and on studies with objective measures of habitual sleep duration.

Existing data have variable consistency. Only one study objectively …