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Objective: The longevity of valved right ventricle to pulmonary artery (RV-PA) conduits is limited due to calcification and degeneration of non-viable structures. Xenografts are commonly used because of the restricted availability of cryopreserved homografts. Tissue-engineered (de-cellularised) pulmonary valves (TEPVs) were thought to be a valuable alternative to cryopreserved pulmonary homografts due to postoperative seeding with viable autologous vascular endothelial cells. Methods: From July 2007 to December 2008, xenogenous TEPV (Matrix P plus©) were implanted in 16 patients in the right ventricular outflow tract for different indications, related to congenital heart disease. Mean age at operation was 14 ± 11 years, including three patients younger than 1 year. The median conduit size was 22 mm (range: 13–26 mm). Results: The early and late survival rates were 100%. At a median follow-up …