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Methods:

Pigs were prepared under isoflurane anesthesia. After laparotomy, venous blood (75 mL/kg) was continuously withdrawn over 3 hours (no systemic heparin). At HS 35 minutes, the spleen was transected. At HS 40 minutes, pigs were divided into three groups (n= 8, each): 1) Normothermia (Norm)(38 C), induced with warmed saline; 2) Mild hypothermia (34 C) induced with iv infusion of 2 C saline (Hypo-Ice) and surface cooling; and 3) Mild hypothermia (34 C), induced with room temperature (24 C) iv saline (Hypo-Rm) and surface cooling. Fluids were given when mean arterial pressure (MAP) was< 30 mm Hg. At HS 3 hours, shed blood was returned and splenectomy was performed. Intensive care was continued to 24 hours.

Results:

At 24 hours, there were two survivors in the Norm group, four in the Hypo-Ice group and seven in the Hypo-Rm group (p< 0.05 versus the Norm group, log rank). Time required …