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Field studies were conducted in Romania, in 2007-08, to determine the impact of fungicide applications on the biodiversity of the grape cv. Feteasca alba ecosystem. The Cosmic (carbendazim + maneb + tridemorph) fungicide application (4.0 litre/ha) was done using a sprayer. Results showed that the biodiversity of the viticultural ecosystem was lower than the natural ecosystem and have become vulnerable to the action of physical and biological factors. The control of plant pathogenic fungi required the use of fungicides was one of the most important factors affecting the biodiversity, because the target organism received a small quantity of the fungicide, while the rest accumulated in the soil and on other elements of the viticultural ecosystem. Thus, the fungicide application polluted the water, air, soil and crop and can also result to the resistance of future generations of the pathogens to the fungicides used.