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An outbreak of acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis began among elderly patients in a convalescent hospital in Marin County in northern California in March 1978 and persisted through May 1978. The overall clinical attack rate was 51% of 187 residents and 12% of 180 employees. A 27-nm viruslike particle was observed by immune electron microscopy in stools obtained at or near the onset of illness from four of 32 patients. Seroresponses to the 27-nm particles were found by immune electron microscopy in 16 of 18 patients. In addition, serologic evidence of infection with this or a related agent was demonstrated in persons who developed illness in another large outbreak of acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis which occurred in a nearby county. This agent is morphologically similar to but serologically unrelated to the Norwalk and Hawaii gastroenteritis agents and has been designated the …