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An epidemic of gastroenteritis occurred in a childrens' camp in Maryland in 1980. The non-recurring illness was characterized by vomiting and diarrhea lasting 1-2 days. With each of the groups entering camp for each of the three two week sessions, the attack rate increased from 58% to 62% to 77%, and the incubation period decreased from 5.1 to 2.5 to 1.3 days. Epidemologic studies by the camp doctors (JN, WW, LG) revealed that only those who drank water containing beverages became ill and that the incubation period was inversely related to the amount of water consumed. A survey response from 70 families visiting camp revealed an attack rate of 64%(27/42) in family members who drank water containing beverages in contrast to 0.8%(1/127) in those who did not and a secondary attack rate in family contacts of 3%(1/32). Water for the camp was pumped from a well and iodinated and monitored frequently at …