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Orthopedic injuries are predominant among combat casualties, and carry the potential for significant morbidity. An expert consensus process (Prehospital care of military orthopedic trauma: A consensus meeting, Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, May 2003) was used to create guidelines for the treatment of these injuries by military prehospital providers. The consensus treatment guidelines developed by experienced orthopedic trauma personnel from leading trauma centers in Israel are presented in this paper.For victims with open fractures, the first priority is hemorrhage control. Splinting, irrigation, and wound care should be performed while waiting for transport, or, in any scenario, in the case of an isolated limb injury. The use of traction splints was advocated for both the rapid transport scenario (up to one hour from the time of injury to arrival at the hospital) and the delayed transport scenario. In the urban …