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To assess the role of diffusion‐weighted single‐shot echo‐planar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with mediastinal tumors.

Prospective study was conducted on 45 consecutive patients (29 male, 16 female, age 22–66 years, mean 41 years) with mediastinal tumor. They underwent diffusion‐weighted single‐shot echo‐planar MRI of the mediastinum with a b‐factor of 0, 300, and 600 sec/mm². The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of the mediastinal tumor was correlated with the histopathological findings.

The mean ADC value of malignant mediastinal tumors was 1.09 ± 0.25 × 10⁻³ mm²/sec, and of benign tumors was 2.38 ± 0.56 × 10⁻³ mm²/sec. There was a significant difference in the mean ADC value between malignant and benign tumors (P = 0.001) and within different grades of malignancy (0.001). When an ADC value of 1.56 × 10⁻³ mm²/sec was used as …