查看文章

Introduction or background: With a prevalence of 2–5%, amblyopia is the most common vision deficit in children in the UK and the second most common cause of functional low vision in children in low-income countries. Sources of data: Pubmed, Cochrane library and clinical trial registries (clinicaltrials. gov, ISRCTN, UKCRN portfolio database). Areas of agreement: Screening and treatment at the age of 4–5 years are cost efficient and clinically effective. Optical treatment (glasses) alone can improve visual acuity, with residual amblyopia treated by part-time occlusion or pharmacological blurring of the better-seeing eye. Treatment after the end of the conventional ‘critical period’can improve vision, but in strabismic amblyopia carries a low risk of double vision. Areas of controversy: It is not clear whether earlier vision screening would be cost efficient and associated with better outcomes. Optimization of treatment by …