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This is a meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on serum fibroblast growth factor‐23 (FGF23) concentrations in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Manuscripts were extracted from PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science through February 2020. Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analysis, and meta‐regression assessments were performed. A total of eight clinical trials with nine treatment arms were included in the final analysis. The pooled results showed no significant changes in circulating FGF23 following vitamin D supplementation compared to the control group (Standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.24; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): −0.03 to 0.50, p > 0.05). Subgroup analyses found that studies which had participants with a body mass index (BMI) higher than 25 kg/m², with an intervention duration shorter than 15 …