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The insulin‐like growth factor type I receptor (IGF‐IR) has been suggested to play an important role in prostate cancer progression and possibly in the progression to androgen‐independent (AI) disease. The term AI may not be entirely correct, in that recent data suggest that expression of androgen receptor (AR) and androgen‐regulated genes is the primary association with prostate cancer progression after hormone ablation. Therefore, signaling through other growth factors has been thought to play a role in AR‐mediated prostate cancer progression to AI disease in the absence of androgen ligand. However, existing data on how IGF‐IR signaling interacts with AR activation in prostate cancer are conflicting. In this Prospect article, we review some of the published data on the mechanisms of IGF‐IR/AR interaction and present new evidence that IGF‐IR signaling may modulate AR compartmentation and thus alter …