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To investigate inter and intra-rater reliability of hand held (HHD) and externally fixed (EFD) dynamometry for shoulder internal (IR) and external rotation (ER) strength and their correlation to isokinetic testing.

Within participant, inter and intra-rater reliability study.

Twenty active, healthy male and female participants underwent testing by two examiners.

Intra-class coefficients (ICC), percentage standard error of measurement (%SEM), and percentage minimal detectable change (%MDC) were calculated for inter-rater, intra-day and intra-rater, inter-week reliability. Maximum and average of three repetitions were compared to the isokinetic results at three speeds (60°/sec, 180°/sec, 240°/sec) for both concentric and eccentric contractions.

Inter and intra-tester values demonstrated good to high agreement (HHD, ICC range = 0.89–0.97, %SEM = 4.80–8.60%, %MDC …