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Callus formation and de novo organogenesis often occur in the wounded tissues of plants. Although this regenerative capacity of plant cells has been utilized for many years, molecular basis for the wound-induced acquisition of regeneration competency is yet to be elucidated. Here we find that wounding treatment is essential for shoot regeneration from roots in the conventional tissue culture of Arabidopsis thaliana. Furthermore, we show that an AP2/ERF transcription factor WOUND INDUCED DEDIFFERENTIATION1 (WIND1) plays a pivotal role for the acquisition of regeneration competency in the culture system. Ectopic expression of WIND1 can bypass both wounding and auxin pre-treatment and increase de novo shoot regeneration from root explants cultured on shoot-regeneration promoting media. In Brassica napus, activation of Arabidopsis WIND1 also greatly enhances de novo shoot regeneration …