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Although the use of simulation as a methodology for learning continues to grow at a rapid pace throughout all of the healthcare professions and disciplines, research in this field is still at an early stage. Increasingly, decision makers and stakeholders must see evidence that the use of such a methodology leads to desired and demonstrable learning outcomes. These include the assurance that simulation may serve as a complement and in some cases a substitute for clinical experience in improving the quality and safety of patient care. Research will be a key factor in advancing the field of simulation to the benefit of patients and healthcare professionals. The simulation community needs an improved understanding of conceptual issues and evidence for their effectiveness to guide simulation use in optimizing the interplay of healthcare professionals, technology, organizational systems, and patients. This recognition …