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Osteoblasts and their precursors support hematopoiesis in the bone marrow. We hypothesized that declines in Hgb levels are associated with bone mineral density (BMD).

The Cardiovascular Health Study is a prospective longitudinal study that enrolled 5888 community-dwelling adults aged >65 years and measured hemoglobin twice, in 1989–90 and 1992–93, as well as BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 1994–95. In a subset of 1513 men and women with a Hgb in 1992–93 and BMD, we used linear regression to estimate associations of Hgb (per standard deviation (SD)) with total hip (TH), lumbar spine (LS) and total body (TB) BMD, and used Poisson regression to estimate associations of anemia (in 1992–93; Hgb <13 g/dL in men; <12 g/dL in women) with “low BMD” defined as T-score less than −1 at the TH. In 1277 participants with Hgb measured on average 2.9 years …