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This study was conducted to compare the risk of recurrent hospitalization for major gastrointestinal (GI) complications (peptic ulcer, bleeding, and perforation) in patients at high GI risk who require ongoing antiplatelet therapy (aspirin [acetylsalicylic acid] or clopidogrel) with or without proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).

This population-based, retrospective cohort study employed data from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance database (January 2001 through December 2006) for patients who had a history of hospitalization for GI complications before the initiation of antiplatelet therapy with aspirin or clopidogrel. Recurrent hospitalizations for major GI complications were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model, with adjustment for age, sex, ulcer-related medical history, ulcer-related risk factors, and use of ulcer-related medications during follow-up. The propensity score method was …