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Although the Invisalign system has been used widely in recent years, the influences of this treatment on the oral microbiome and whether or not this influence is different from that of fixed appliances is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the changes in the oral microbiome in patients treated with the Invisalign system or with fixed appliances.

Fifteen subjects were enrolled, comprising 5 fixed appliance patients, 5 Invisalign patient, and 5 healthy controls. Saliva samples were collected, and high-throughput pyrosequencing was performed based on the 16S rRNA gene.

Both fixed and Invisalign orthodontic treatments resulted in dysbiosis of the oral microbiome. Firmicutes and TM7 at the phyla level and Neisseria at the genus level displayed statistically significant differences between the 2 orthodontic groups. The effect of these changes with microbiome on oral health was …