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The study aimed to develop and improve the buccal delivery of zolmitriptan succinate from mucoadhesive buccal films containing agarose, guar gum as polymers and glycerol as plasticizer via physical (iontophoresis) and chemical enhancement approaches (chemical penetration enhancers). A central composite design was employed to investigate the effect of different formulation constituents on various characteristics including swelling index, tensile strength, ex vivo mucoadhesion time and in vitro drug release. The impact of both the chemical and physical enhancement techniques on ex vivo permeation of zolmitriptan succinate through the buccal films was also studied using goat buccal mucosa. The results of the in vitro drug release profile revealed linear release of the active over 60 min. The results also identified that agarose had an inverse impact on the swelling index and consequently on the in vitro drug …