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Abstact Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) is an American thinker, essayist and prose writer. He is considered a naturalist and transcendentalist philosopher. After graduating from Harvard University, Thoreau joined different professions in which he worked as a teacher in a private school, a land surveyor and an inventor in his father's pencil factory. Then, he gave up all these professions deciding to live his life according to his strict accurate principles. He managed to enjoy his simple life depending on a little money. Thoreau had been deeply influenced by Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882), the father of American Transcendentalism. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate Thoreau's transcendental opinions and ideas in his book Walden which is regarded as the best representative and the definitive text of the transcendental movement.