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Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) regarding to liver damage caused by alcohol abuse is characterized by chronic liver inflammation, with dysregulations of the gut microbiota and its metabolites. Accumulating studies has demonstrated that butyrate exhibits pleitropic benefits in chronic metabolic diseases. The present study was designed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of butyrate on ALD. In vivo, C57BL/6J mice were fed with isocaloric modified Lieber-DeCarli liquid diets with or without ethanol which supplemented with sodium butyrate (NaB, 0.6 g/kg) for 6 weeks. In vitro, murine macrophage RAW264.7 were pretreated with NaB or G protein coupled receptor (GPR) 43 antagonist to verify the specific mechanism of NaB effectiveness in LPS-induced inflammatory response. Finally, the routine indexes indicated that NaB treatment significantly alleviated liver injury and lipid deposition, as well as inflammation in …