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The aim of this study was to examine possible discriminant physical and physiological characteristics between elite male handball players from elite teams with different league rankings. Players from three teams (A, B and C), which competed in the first league of the Greek championship during the season 2011–2012 participated in the study. Team A finished first, B came second and C came eighth out of eleven clubs. Teams A and B also participated in European Cups, and team A won the European Challenge Cup. The players (n= 44) were examined for anthropometric characteristics and performed a series of physical fitness tests. Players from teams A and B were taller (6.2 cm (0.7; 11.7), mean difference (95% CI) and 9.2 cm (4.0; 14.5), respectively), and had a higher amount of fat free mass (6.4 kg (1.1; 11.8) and 5.4 kg (0.2; 10.5)) compared to those of team C. Players from team A performed better than players …