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Genetic diversity in 10 Moringa oleifera Lam. landraces from Western Nigeria was assessed using 10 arbitrary random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. A total of 595 fragments were obtained, out of which 485 (81.5%) were polymorphic. Primer OPT-5 exhibited the least percentage of polymorphism (26.8%) compared to other primers used. Primers OPB-3, OPB-6, OPH-2, OPH-5, OPH-6, OPT-3, and OPT-4 gave 100% polymorphism. The number of amplified fragments per primer ranged from 44 (OPT-2) to 123 (OPT-5) with a polymorphic information content (PIC) ranging from 0.8301 to 0.9280. Unweighted Pair Group with Mean Average (UPGMA) clustering placed the genotypes into two major groups.‘MO2’and ‘MO4’showed very close relatedness from the dendrogram obtained while ‘MO10’was genetically isolated from the other genotypes. 87% dissimilarity was revealed by the dendrogram. The …