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1. Endothelin (ET) has been shown to reduce glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal blood flow (RBF) and may therefore be a possible mediator of the reduction of GFR and RBF observed in post‐ischaemic acute renal failure. 2. We infused a specific ET antibody, i.v., for 1 h before and 1 h after a 60 min period of renal ischemia by clamping the renal artery, and observed the changes in renal function (acute clearance and long‐term metabolic cage studies) compared with rats infused with non‐immune rabbit serum. 3. In acute and long‐term studies, better renal function, as judged by GFR and RBF was observed in rats treated with the ET antibody. Furthermore, ischaemic rats showed higher levels of plasma immunoreactive ET (7.02 +/‐ 1.17 pg ET (ml plasma)‐1; mean +/‐ S.E.M.) than normal rats where it was undetected. 4. We previously reported that glomeruli and renal platelet‐activating factor (PAF …