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Herein, we report the development of a poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer based multicomponent therapeutic agent for in vitro cancer therapy applications. In this approach, Generation 5 (G5) PAMAM dendrimers stabilizing silver nanoparticle surface (DsAgNPs) were used to encapsulate anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to attain synergism in cancer cells. 5-FU loaded DsAg nanocomposites (5-FU@DsAgNCs) were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. In vitro release studies certify the sustained release of 5-FU from nanocomposites. 5-FU@DsAgNCs were found to elicit a synergistic antiproliferative effect in A549 (human lung cancer) and MCF-7 (human breast cancer) cells with IC50 of 5 μg mL−1 and 1.5 μg mL−1, and combination index (CI) values of 0.242 and 0.178, respectively. Atomic …