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Background: The 2011 Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for vitamin D use 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations to define vitamin D deficiency (<30 nmol/L), the Estimated Average Requirement (40 nmol/L), and the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA; 50 nmol/L). The Canadian population has not yet been assessed according to these recommendations.

Objective: We determined the prevalence of meeting DRI recommendations and the role of vitamin D supplement use among Canadians aged 6–79 y.

Design: Plasma 25(OH)D from a representative sample of Canadians in the Canadian Health Measures Survey–Cycle 1 (n = 5306) were used. Supplement use was assessed by household interview. Concentrations of 25(OH)D were compared in supplement users and nonusers by season and race.

Results: Overall, 5.4%, 12.7%, and 25.7% of the participants had 25(OH)D concentrations below the 30 …