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To study the epidemiology of childhood-onset (Type I) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Europe, the EURODIAB collaborative group in 1988 established prospective, geographically-defined registers of all children diagnosed with Type I diabetes under 15 years of age. This report is based on 24 423 children, registered by 36 centres, with complete participation during the period 1989–1998 and representing most European countries with a population coverage of approximately 20 million children.

Multiple sources of ascertainment were used to validate the level of ascertainment. Trends in Type I diabetes incidence during the period were analysed using Poisson regression with the results from the 36 centres pooled into nine regions.

The standardised average annual incidence …