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Cardiac hypertrophy is often associated with an increased sympathetic drive, and both in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the development of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in response to either α- or β-adrenergic stimulation. Because an association between the Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger and cellular growth has been proposed, this study aimed to analyze the possible role of the antiporter in isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Isoproterenol alone (5 mg/kg IP once daily) or combined with a selective inhibitor of the Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger activity (3 mg · kg⁻¹ · d⁻¹ BIIB723) was given to male Wistar rats for 30 days. Sex- and age-matched rats that received 0.9% saline IP daily served as controls. Echocardiographic follow-up showed a 33% increase in left ventricular mass in the isoproterenol-treated group, whereas it did not increase in the isoproterenol+BIIB723-treated group. Heart weight–to–body weight ratio …