查看文章

Methods

Thirty-nine randomly assigned first-year paramedicine students completed low-or high-environmental fidelity simulations [low–environmental fidelity simulations (LF en S) vs. high–environmental fidelity simulation (HF en S)] involving a manikin with obstructed airway (SimMan3G). Psychological immersion and cognitive burden were determined via continuous heart rate, eye tracking, self-report questionnaire (National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index), independent observation, and postsimulation interviews. Performance was assessed by successful location of obstruction and time-to-termination.

Results

Eye tracking confirmed that students attended to multiple, concurrent stimuli in HF en S and interviews consistently suggested that they experienced greater psychological immersion and cognitive burden than their LF en S counterparts. This was confirmed by significantly higher mean …