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Background. Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a strategy to protect a target organ against ischaemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) by inducing short-term ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) in a remote organ. RIPC of the kidney by temporary limb occlusion would be a safe, inexpensive and noninvasive method to prevent renal damage in, e.g., transplantation and aortic surgery. We investigated whether brief hind limb occlusion can protect against renal IRI and whether this protection is adenosine dependent.

Methods. Rats underwent either no RIPC, unilateral RIPC or bilateral RIPC. The preconditioning stimulus was either continuous (12′/12′ I/R) or fractionated (three times 4′/4′ I/R). After the last reperfusion period, we induced 25′ ischaemia in the right kidney.

Results. After 24 h of reperfusion, renal function was improved by 30–60% in both bilateral RIPC groups and in the …