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Objective: To assess the burden and spectrum of neurological illness in a pediatric intensive care unit and review the associated mortality.

Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of children (1 mo-16 years) with acute neurological diagnosis admitted in PICU in Aga Khan University hospital from January 2008 to December 2011 was done. Basic demographic, diagnosis, neuro diagnostic procedures performed, therapies and outcomes were done on a structured datasheet.

Results: During study period, 231 (19.3%) patients were admitted with acute neurological illnesses in PICU. The mean age was 67±50 months, 54%(n= 125) was under-five and 138 (59.7%) were males. Out of total, 144 (62.3%) had neurological illness and 87 (37.7%) had neurosurgical diagnosis. In acute neurological illness, 51.5%(n= 119) had non-traumatic-coma (NTC) and 10.8%(n= 25) had neuromuscular illness. CNS infection …