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IntroductionEmerging epidemiological data have indicated associations between maternal smoking during pregnancy and a range of negative outcomes in children. Nevertheless, there is scant evidence reporting adverse effects on lower academic performance during adolescence.ObjectivesTo examine the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of lower academic performance in adolescent children.MethodsData were obtained from the New South Wales (NSW) Perinatal Data Collection, which included all live births in the Australian state of NSW from January 2003 to December 2005. This was linked with NSW admitted data collection and National Assessment Program for Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN). A total of 168, 528 mother-offspring pairs were involved in the final analysis. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was assessed using self-reports of smoking during pregnancy …