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During pregnancy, the trophoblast, supporting the main functions of the placenta, develops from the fusion of cytotrophoblastic cells into a syncytiotrophoblast. Gap junction channels consisting of connexins link the cytosols of cells in contact. Gap junctional communication has been involved in the control of cell and tissue differentiation. Recently, a gap junctional communication was demonstrated in trophoblast cell culture by means of the fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (gap-FRAP) technique. This gap junctional communication appeared to be stimulated by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Therefore, the specificity of hCG action and the signalling mechanisms implicated in gap junctional communication were investigated by means of gap-FRAP. In culture, cytotrophoblastic cells develop into cellular aggregates, then into a syncytium, within 1–2 days after plating. During this in vitro differentiation …