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In this systematic review we aimed to evaluate the effects of physical activity (PA) and exercise on biochemical and physiological outcomes in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

The review was conducted and reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

The search of literature was performed using PubMed, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Embase, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, Medline, PsycINFO, the Nursing Reference Center, and Google Scholar. The search was limited to include peer‐reviewed articles published in English from May 2012 to May 2018 and included adolescents <19 years of age with T1D. Twenty‐seven studies met the inclusion criteria: 8 interventional and 19 observational studies.

Both observational and interventional …