作者
Bing‐Hua Jiang, Ling‐Zhi Liu
发表日期
2009/1/1
来源
Advances in cancer research
卷号
102
页码范围
19-65
出版商
Academic Press
简介
Phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K) and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) signaling pathway play an important role in multiple cellular functions such as cell metabolism, proliferation, cell‐cycle progression, and survival. PI3K is activated by growth factors and angiogenesis inducers such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietins. The amplification and mutations of PI3K and the loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN are common in various kinds of human solid tumors. The genetic alterations of upstream and downstream of PI3K signaling molecules such as receptor tyrosine kinases and AKT, respectively, are also frequently altered in human cancer. PI3K signaling regulates tumor growth and angiogenesis by activating AKT and other targets, and by inducing HIF‐1 and VEGF expression. Angiogenesis is required for tumor growth and metastasis. In this review …
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