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A bipolar electrodialysis (BP-ED) pilot plant including 3.15 m² of cation exchange membrane and bipolar membrane each was operated for ammonia recovery. The pilot treated source-separated diluted urine (1 gNH₄⁺/L). Previously found set operation parameters for lab-scale such as current density and nitrogen load did not directly influence the stack performance. However, the effluent pH was directly related to the removal efficiency of the system. 80% nitrogen removal was achieved at a set effluent pH of 4. Operating under an effluent pH control strategy was more effective to control NH₄⁺ removal than controlling current density or nitrogen loading, as it accounts for fluctuation in wastewater availability and composition. The pilot plant removed up to 88% of the NH₄⁺ from urine and recovered around 700 g/day (from 1 m³ of urine). This was a significant improvement compared to the pilot plant previous …